|
The southern emu-wren (''Stipiturus malachurus'') is a species of bird in the Maluridae family. It is endemic to Australia. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation. ==Taxonomy== The southern emu-wren is one of three species of the genus ''Stipiturus'', commonly known as emu-wrens, found across southern and central Australia. It was first characterized by naturalist George Shaw in 1798 as ''Muscicapa malachura'', after being collected in the Port Jackson (Sydney) district.〔Rowley and Russell, p. 202.〕 Its species name is derived from the Ancient Greek ''ouros'' "tail". It described as the "soft-tailed flycatcher", native name ''mur-re-a-nera'' when painted between 1788 and 1797 by Thomas Watling, one of a group known collectively as the Port Jackson Painter. Another painting in the same series yielded the indigenous name ''mereangeree''. Notes on this latter drawing suggest an alternate name of emu- or cassowary titmouse, from its soft tail feathers.〔 In the first description and illustration of the bird by Major-General Thomas Davies, another Sydney region indigenous name ''merion binnion'' was reported, since the tail resembled the "cassowary (emu)" feathers. The skin of a male southern emu-wren somehow ended up in the collection of Coenraad Jacob Temminck, who believed it to be from Java. From there it as named by François Levaillant ''la queue gazée'' The gauze-tailed warbler. The mistake was not picked up for another 55 years.〔 Veillot defined the genus ''Malurus'' and placed the southern emu-wren within it, giving it the name ''Malurus palustris''.〔 It derives its common name from its tail feathers, the loosely barbed nature of which resembles feathers of the emu, the irony being the emu-wrens are among the smallest of Australian birds, and the emu the largest. Up to eleven subspecies have been described, with seven currently recognised:〔Rowley and Russell, p. 204.〕 *''S. malachurus malachurus'', the nominate subspecies, is found along the eastern coastline from Noosa Heads in Queensland south through New South Wales and Victoria and to the mouth of the Murray River in southeastern South Australia. It remains east and south of the Great Dividing Range.〔 *''S. malachurus littleri'' was described by Gregory Mathews in 1912. It is found across Tasmania.〔 *''S. malachurus intermedius'' is a darker-plumaged race from the Mount Lofty Ranges in South Australia.〔 *''S. malachurus halmaturinus'' described by Parsons in 1920 is found on Kangaroo Island. It is the largest race.〔 *''S. malachurus parimeda'' is found on the southern tip of the Eyre Peninsula. It was described in 1981.〔 *''S. malachurus westernensis'' is found in southwest Western Australia.〔 *''S. malachurus hartogi'' is restricted to Dirk Hartog Island.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Southern emu-wren」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|